GLBP(Gateway Load-Balancing Protocol)
- Group마다 Virtual Router가 1개 생성된다.
- Virtual Router 하나 당 Virtual IP 주소가 하나 할당된다.
- 하나의 Virtual IP에 Virtual MAC 주소가 기본적으로 4개가 생성된다.
- 결과적으로 4대의 Gateway 장비를 동시에 사용하는 것이 가능하다.
- AVF 중 하나의 장치를 AVG(Active Virtual Gateway)로 선출한다.
- AVG는 AVF의 가상 MAC 주소를 관리하고, 내부 End Device가 Gateway에 대한 ARP를 요청하는 경우Loadbalancing 방식에 하나의 AVF 가상 MAC 주소를 응답하게 한다.
AVF 선출 조건
- GLBP Priority 값이 높은 장비가 선출된다 (기본값: 100)
- GLBP Priority 값이 동일한 경우 실제 IP 주소의 숫자가 큰 장비가 선출된다.
GLBP는 다음 3가지 방식의 Load-balancing을 지원한다.
1) Round Robin (Default)
2) Weighted (가중치 방식)
3) Host-dependent
GLBP 설정
초기 네트워크 구성
DSW1 설정
DSW1(config)#int vlan 10 DSW1(config-if)#glbp 1 ip 10.1.1.254 DSW1(config-if)#glbp 1 priority 130 DSW1(config-if)#glbp 1 preempt delay minimum 30 DSW1(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting 100 lower 90 upper 100 DSW1(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting track 1 decrement 50 |
glbp 1 weighting 100 lower 90 upper 100:
weighting 값이 90 이하이면 기능 수행 못함 회복 후 100이되면 기능 수행 가능 (멀티 트래킹 가능)
upper 기본 값은 weighting 값이다
(glbp 1 forwarder preempt delay minimum 30) Default 설정
DSW2 설정
DSW2(config)#track 1 int e 0/1 line-protocol DSW2(config-track)#int vlan 10 DSW2(config-if)#glbp 1 ip 10.1.1.254 DSW2(config-if)#glbp 1 priority 120 DSW2(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting 100 lower 90 upper 100 DSW2(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting track 1 decrement 50 DSW2(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting track 1 decrement 50 |
glbp 1 priority 120: 우선순위를 120으로 주면 DSW1 장비가 죽으면 DSW2장비가 동작한다. (우선순위 순서)
DSW3 설정
DSW3(config)#track 1 int e 0/1 line-protocol DSW3(config-track)#int vlan 10 DSW3(config-if)#glbp 1 ip 10.1.1.254 DSW3(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting 100 lower 90 DSW3(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting track 1 decrement 50 |
DSW4 설정
DSW4(config)#track 1 int e 0/1 line-protocol DSW4(config-track)#int vlan 10 DSW4(config-if)#glbp 1 ip 10.1.1.254 DSW4(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting 100 lower 90 DSW4(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting track 1 decrement 50 |
테스트
1) DSW show glbp
AVG(작업 반장) 부분
DSW1#show glbp Vlan10 - Group 1 State is Active 1 state change, last state change 00:05:20 Virtual IP address is 10.1.1.254 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec Next hello sent in 0.160 secs Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is local Standby is 10.1.1.251, priority 120 (expires in 7.776 sec) Priority 130 (configured) Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 90, upper 100 Track object 1 undefined Load balancing: round-robin Group members: aabb.cc80.0100 (10.1.1.250) local aabb.cc80.0200 (10.1.1.251) aabb.cc80.0300 (10.1.1.252) aabb.cc80.0400 (10.1.1.253) There are 4 forwarders (1 active) |
AVF(일꾼) 부분
Forwarder 1 State is Active 1 state change, last state change 00:05:08 MAC address is 0007.b400.0101 (default) Owner ID is aabb.cc80.0100 Redirection enabled Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is local, weighting 100 Forwarder 2 State is Listen MAC address is 0007.b400.0102 (learnt) Owner ID is aabb.cc80.0200 Redirection enabled, 597.792 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec) Time to live: 14397.792 sec (maximum 14400 sec) Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is 10.1.1.251 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.216 sec) Forwarder 3 State is Listen MAC address is 0007.b400.0103 (learnt) Owner ID is aabb.cc80.0300 Redirection enabled, 598.080 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec) Time to live: 14398.080 sec (maximum 14400 sec) Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is 10.1.1.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.472 sec) Forwarder 4 State is Listen MAC address is 0007.b400.0104 (learnt) Owner ID is aabb.cc80.0400 Redirection enabled, 598.144 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec) Time to live: 14398.144 sec (maximum 14400 sec) Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec Active is 10.1.1.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.736 sec) |
2) DSW show glbp brief
DSW1#show glbp brief Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router |
2) ASW show glbp brief
ASW1#show mac address-table Mac Address Table ------------------------------------------- Vlan Mac Address Type Ports ---- ----------- -------- ----- 10 0007.b400.0101 DYNAMIC Et1/0 10 0007.b400.0102 DYNAMIC Et1/1 10 0007.b400.0103 DYNAMIC Et1/2 10 0007.b400.0104 DYNAMIC Et1/3 10 aabb.cc80.0100 DYNAMIC Et1/0 10 aabb.cc80.0200 DYNAMIC Et1/1 10 aabb.cc80.0300 DYNAMIC Et1/2 10 aabb.cc80.0400 DYNAMIC Et1/3 Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 8 |
3) PC1 Ping Test
참고) GNS 설정파일
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